8Ī 2001 study 9 examining the prevalence of hypertension in a dental university clinic cohort of more than 3,500 individuals found that 16.6% of the people were hypertensive (defined in the study as clinic-measured systolic reading of greater than 140 mm Hg or a diastolic reading of greater than 90 mm Hg) at the time of screening. 4 Sustained hypertension can also lead to left-ventricular hypertrophy, as the cardiac muscle attempts to compensate for the elevated pressure. 4, 5 Untreated or uncontrolled hypertension, which is defined as higher than normal blood pressure that stays high consistently, can result in many systemic consequences, including stroke or heart attack or other serious end-organ damage (e.g., renal failure, vision changes/blindness). 4, 7 The second, or bottom number, is the diastolic blood pressure this is the measured pressure of blood on the circulatory system when the heart rests between beats (following closure of the aortic valve). 6, 7 Blood pressure is represented as two numbers, the upper number or systolic blood pressure, measures the pressure of blood when the heart beats (after the ventricles contract). 4, 5 Within the circulatory system, the blood pressure is dependent on a number of factors, including cardiac output, blood volume, heart rate, venous return, peripheral vascular resistance, and large artery elasticity. 3īlood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls and is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). adults for the years 2011 to 2014 was 45.6% (95% confidence interval 43.6 to 47.6%) compared with 31.9% (95% CI 30.1 to 33.7%), using the older thresholds from the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VII). 3 Using current blood pressure thresholds from the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines, 3 the prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults with hypertension are unaware that they have it. 3 Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013 to 2016 indicate that 35.3% of U.S. 2 Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. 1 In many cases, unless it is measured, people can have hypertension but may be unaware of it, as it can be a relatively symptom-free disease. and was the primary cause of almost 25,000 deaths nationally in 2019. Hypertension (i.e., high blood pressure), is one of the most common chronic cardiovascular conditions in the U.S.
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